濕法脫硫吸收塔水平衡失衡的原因
Causes of water balance imbalance in wet desulfurization absorber
1、測(cè)點(diǎn)選擇偏差
1. Measurement point selection deviation
運(yùn)行人員對(duì)測(cè)點(diǎn)的選擇。主控人員對(duì)液位測(cè)點(diǎn)的選擇直接導(dǎo)致液位與實(shí)際有偏差（吸收塔上，下各有2個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)，高度差2米，通過(guò)壓強(qiáng)可以計(jì)算出液位），通過(guò)液位選點(diǎn)能調(diào)出9種吸收塔密度與液位，尤其是吸收塔測(cè)點(diǎn)偏差比較大的時(shí)候，調(diào)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致液位顯示差距非常大，失去了液位參考價(jià)值。
Selection of measuring points by operators. The selection of liquid level measuring points by the main control personnel directly leads to the deviation between the liquid level and the actual situation (there are two measuring points at the top and bottom of the absorption tower, with a height difference of 2m, and the liquid level can be calculated through the pressure). Through the liquid level selection, 9 kinds of density and liquid level of the absorption tower can be called out. Especially when the deviation of measuring points of the absorption tower is relatively large, the point adjustment leads to a very large liquid level display gap and loses the reference value of liquid level.
2、人為因素
2. Human factors
吸收塔啟停石膏排漿泵受脫硫公用區(qū)調(diào)控，脫石膏取決于脫硫現(xiàn)場(chǎng)對(duì)石膏品質(zhì)的判斷，從石膏的含水率，濾餅厚度，皮帶脫水機(jī)的頻率，吸收塔密度等綜合考慮。由于脫硫人員對(duì)石膏含水率無(wú)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，常會(huì)發(fā)生現(xiàn)場(chǎng)判斷石膏含水率不高，而吸收塔實(shí)際密度低于考核值的問(wèn)題。
The startup and shutdown of the gypsum slurry pump of the absorption tower is regulated by the desulfurization public area. The gypsum removal depends on the judgment of the gypsum quality on the desulfurization site, and is comprehensively considered from the moisture content of gypsum, the thickness of filter cake, the frequency of belt dehydrator, the density of the absorption tower, etc. Since desulfurization personnel have no standard for gypsum moisture content, it often occurs that the moisture content of gypsum is not high on site and the actual density of absorption tower is lower than the assessment value.
3、虛假液位影響
3. False liquid level influence
在機(jī)組啟停投油槍或等離子時(shí)，易發(fā)生燃燒不完全現(xiàn)象，未燃盡的物質(zhì)進(jìn)入吸收塔，造成重金屬離子或有*物增加，在吸收塔液位表面，發(fā)生皂化反應(yīng)，形成油膜，產(chǎn)生虛假液位。氧化風(fēng)量設(shè)計(jì)不合理，多增加的風(fēng)量以氣泡形式流至漿液表面，這會(huì)造成液位折算與實(shí)際有差異。
Incomplete combustion is easy to occur when the unit is started and stopped, and the unburned substances enter the absorption tower, resulting in the increase of heavy metal ions or * substances. Saponification reaction occurs on the liquid level surface of the absorption tower, forming oil film and false liquid level. The design of oxidation air volume is unreasonable, and the increased air volume flows to the slurry surface in the form of bubbles, which will cause the difference between the liquid level conversion and the actual situation.
4、受漿液循環(huán)泵啟停影響
4. Affected by the start and stop of slurry circulating pump
漿液循環(huán)泵屬于逐級(jí)提升泵組，泵組出力各不相同。由于采購(gòu)煤種經(jīng)常變化，入口硫份變化快，漿液循環(huán)泵的啟停執(zhí)行次數(shù)較多，對(duì)吸收塔水位顯示產(chǎn)生不小的影響。
The slurry circulating pump belongs to the step-by-step lifting pump group, and the output of the pump group is different. Due to the frequent change of purchased coal, the rapid change of inlet sulfur, and the number of startup and shutdown of slurry circulating pump, it has a great impact on the water level display of absorption tower.
（1）吸收塔進(jìn)水影響
(1) Influent influence of absorber
1）除霧器沖洗是吸收塔主要的進(jìn)水量，為保證除霧器效果，避免除霧器差壓變大結(jié)垢，甚至坍塌，一般控制8小時(shí)沖洗兩次，這個(gè)屬于可控范圍。
1) Mist eliminator flushing is the main water inflow of the absorption tower. In order to ensure the effect of the mist eliminator and avoid the increase of the differential pressure of the mist eliminator, scaling and even collapse, it is generally controlled to flush twice in 8 hours, which belongs to the controllable range.
2）氧化風(fēng)機(jī)出口減溫水，氧化風(fēng)機(jī)出口減溫水是保持開(kāi)位，運(yùn)行時(shí)不做調(diào)整，這部分減溫水是可控的。
2) The desuperheating water at the outlet of the oxidation fan and the desuperheating water at the outlet of the oxidation fan are kept open and are not adjusted during operation. This part of desuperheating water is controllable.
3）吸收塔供漿。通過(guò)加大供漿來(lái)維持出口的排放值，導(dǎo)致供漿量偏大，增加了吸收塔的液位。
3) Slurry supply of absorption tower. By increasing the slurry supply to maintain the discharge value at the outlet, the slurry supply is too large and the liquid level of the absorption tower is increased.
4）工藝水和冷卻水箱每天兩次的對(duì)吸收塔的事故噴淋，因時(shí)間較短，流量可以忽略不計(jì)。
4) The process water and cooling water tank spray the absorber twice a day. Due to the short time, the flow can be ignored.
（2）吸收塔出水影響
(2) Influence of absorber effluent
1）吸收塔的蒸發(fā)量。吸收塔入口的煙氣溫度對(duì)吸收塔內(nèi)液位有很大的影響，煙溫越高，吸收塔漿液的蒸發(fā)量也就越大。這個(gè)與排煙溫度，煤種，低溫省煤器的投用有很大的關(guān)系。
1) Evaporation capacity of absorption tower. The flue gas temperature at the inlet of the absorption tower has a great impact on the liquid level in the absorption tower. The higher the flue gas temperature, the greater the evaporation of the slurry in the absorption tower. This is closely related to the smoke exhaust temperature, coal type and the operation of low-temperature economizer.
2）吸收塔脫石膏。吸收塔脫石膏之后產(chǎn)生的回收水再次返回塔內(nèi)，返回的水量較脫石膏帶出去的略低，可控。
2) Gypsum removal from absorption tower. The recovered water produced after gypsum removal from the absorption tower returns to the tower again, and the returned water is slightly lower than that brought out by gypsum removal, which is controllable.
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2022-05-11
